CA6140普通車床的數控化改造
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- CA6140普通車床的數控化改造針對大多數企業,具有數量眾多和較長使用壽命的普通機床，其加工精度較低、不能批量生產，自動化程度不高，自適應性差，但考慮投資成本，產業的連續性，又不能馬上被淘汰。
數控機床作為機電液氣一體化的典型產品，能解決機械制造中結構復雜、精密、批量、零件多變的問題，加工質量穩定，生產效率較高。
購買新的數控機床是提高產品質量和效率的重要途徑,但是成本高，許多企業在短時間內無法實現，這嚴重阻礙企業設備更新的步伐。為此把普通機床數控化改造，不失為一條投資少、提升產品質量及生產效率的捷徑，提升企業競爭力，在我國成為制造強國的進程中，占有一席之地。本文的主要內容有：
1．對普通車床數控化改造經濟性評價詳細論證，確定普通車床數控化改造方案；
2．對進給系統的滾珠絲杠型號選擇與裝配設計，支承方式的設計與軸承型號選擇，步進電機選擇等進行了詳細研究；
3．對常用進口數控裝置系統和國產數控裝置系統進行仔細比較，根據所改造的性能和精度指標來選配數控裝置系統和自動刀架型號，提出選擇方法；
4．根據普通車床CA6140電氣控制系統和原理圖與普通車床數控化改造CJK6140-A的數控系統對比分析，形成普通車床數控化改造完整的電氣控制技術圖；
5.為保持切削螺紋的功能，仔細研究了在主軸上安裝脈沖發生器的選型，脈沖發生器直接與主軸間連接方法，并形成了相應的技術圖；
6.拆卸普通機床，甩掉原有進給箱等，對主傳動系統的進行大修，滑板貼塑與鏟刮調試，對機床相關部件和參數進行測繪、測量；
7.繪出相應的零件圖和裝備圖；
8．給出普通車床數控化改造的安裝、調試方法。
關鍵詞：普通車床、數控、改造
ABSTRACT
Most enterprises still have large amounts general-purpose machine tools which have longevity of service, low precision, can not adapt to mass production, low automatization and adaptability, but can not be washed out because of its low cost and continuity of enterprise’s production.
As a representative production of mechanical, electronic, hydraulic and pneumatic integration, numerically controlled machines have a stabilization quality and high efficiency, and can solve problems such as complex structure, high precision, mass production, part variety in machining.
Purchasing new numerically controlled machines is an important way to improve production precision and efficiency, but it may not come true to many enterprises because it cost much. Enterprises’ equipment updating step are counteracted severly. So General lathe's numerically controlled reforming is a quick way that costs less, improve production precision and efficiency, and it can improve enterprises’ competitive power. So it can takes its place in our way to a powerful manufacturing country. The main contents is:
1. The economical efficiency of the reform is evaluated in detail and the reforming scheme is maked according to misty optimum’s synthesize adjudicate principle.
2. The ball screw’s type, assembling, supporting, bearing type, and stepping motorof feeding system is designed.
3. The import and domestic NC systems were compared carefully, brought up a choose method and selected the NC system and automatic tool rest according to the function and accuracy index of reforming.
4. The complete electricity control diagram was drawn out according to the result of comparing CA6140’s electricity control system and principle with the reforming CJK6140-A’s NC system.
5. In order to protect the function of cutting a screw ,we carefully studied the impulse regulator and its connection with the principal axis, and draw out a techniquediagram.
6. Disassembled the lathe, throw away the old feeding system, repaired the main driving system ,covered plastics on sliding surface, shoveling or scraping and testing, counted or measured the parts of the lathe.
7. Draw out parts diagrams and assemble diagram.
8 .Methods of installing and testing of general purpose lathe’s numerically controlled reforming were put forward.
Key words: General purpose lathe、 Numerical control(NC)、Reform
目 錄
第一章 前言 6
1.1 問題的提出 6
1.1.1國內外數控系統發展概況 6
1.1.2國內外數控技術發展趨勢 7
1.1.3智能化新一代PCNC數控系統 7
1.2 普通機床數控改造的經濟性評價 8
1.2.1微觀看改造的必要性 8
1.2.2宏觀看改造的必要性 9
1.3 普通機床數控化改造市場 9
1.3.1改造的市場 9
1.3.2進口設備和生產線的數控化改造市場 10
第二章CA6140普通車床數控改造總體方案的設計要求 10
2.1設計要求 10
2.2主傳動系統和進給系統的改造 11
2.3主軸脈沖發生器 12
第三章 進給伺服系統機械部分設計與計算 14
3.1 進給系統機械結構改造設計 14
3.2 進給伺服系統機械部分的計算與選型 14
3.2.1確定系統的脈沖當量
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