AFS一300型選擇性激光燒結機系統設計
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- 設計和評估選擇性激光燒結機的鏡面系統
摘要
Abstract: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is currently recognized as a leading process in the new field of solidfreeform fabrication (SFF). In order to develop more elaborate and speedy system for fabricating large objectscompared to existing SLS, this study employs Digital Mirror System (DMS) for Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)process. DMS contains 3-axis dynamic focusing lens, zoom beam expender, x-y galvano mirror, reflection mirrors forscanning large area instead of the existing fO lens used in commercial SLS. Also, in the SLS, the sintering temperature,laser beam power and layer thickness have a great influence on sintering of the polymer. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of a scanning path and fabrication parameters on sintering process and to fabricate the various 3Dobjects using polymer.
選擇性激光燒結（SLS）是目前公認的固體新領域的領先工藝自由形式制造（SFF）。 為了開發更精細，更快速的系統來制造大型物體與現有的SLS相比，本研究采用數字鏡像系統（DMS）進行選擇性激光燒結（SLS）處理。 DMS包含3軸動態聚焦鏡頭，變焦光束尺寸，x-y電流鏡，反射鏡掃描大面積而不是商用SLS中使用的現有fO鏡頭。 另外，在SLS中，燒結溫度，激光束功率和層厚度對聚合物的燒結有很大影響。 進行了實驗評估掃描路徑和制造參數對燒結過程的影響，并制作各種3D使用聚合物的物體.
Keywords: SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), DMS(Digital Mirror System), 3-axis Dynamic focusing lens,Zoom beam expander.
關鍵詞：SLS（選擇性激光燒結），DMS（數字鏡面系統），3軸動態聚焦鏡頭，變焦光束擴展器。
1INTRODUCTION
1、介紹
Recently, the multi-functional SFF systems areactively being implemented into the real manufacturingprocess, which are used not only for fabricating a solidfreeform 3D CAD files but also for scanning a 3Dobject rapidly and precisely. Based on the original formof used material and the hardening method, the variousRP systems, such as SLA (Stereo Lithographic), SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing),3DP (Three Dimensional Printing), FDM (FusedDeposit Modelling), SGC (Solid Ground Curing), have been introduced to the market. Especially, the SLSprocess, called solid freeform fabrication (SFF), creates3D object, layer-by-layer, using powder materials with heat generated by a CO2 laser. With SLS process,prototypes have been produced with various uses of thermoplastic, metal composite and ceramic composite powder. SLS system is consist of various elemental technique such as the powder laminate for control of build room and feed room position, control of roller velocity, powder sintering for control of temperature, scan path generation etc.Recently, the rise of method for SLS process, through the laser beam spot size change, against the form of fine part using small laser beam spot size and against the form of hatching boundary using large laser beam spot size. This method has which is not only improvement of SLS process but also increased quality of product and precision. And another method is that divided scan region. This method controlled laser delay and jump time. The second method is being researched already.Therefore, this study, against to existing study,constructed laser part which is able to changed laserbeam spot size and study on effect.
最近，多功能SFF系統是積極地實施到真正的制造業過程，不僅用于制造固體自由形式的3D CAD文件，但也用于掃描3D快速準確地反對。基于原始表格所用材料和硬化方法，各種RP系統，如SLA（Stereo Lithographic），SLS（選擇性激光燒結），FDM（熔融沉積建模）LOM（層壓物體制造），3DP（三維印刷），FDM（熔融存款建模），SGC（固體地面固化），有被介紹到市場。特別是SLS過程，稱為固體自由形式制造（SFF），創造3D物體，逐層，使用粉末材料CO2激光產生的熱量。使用SLS流程，原型已經生產出各種用途熱塑性，金屬復合和陶瓷復合材料粉末。 SLS系統由各種元素組成用于控制的粉末層壓板等技術建造房間和飼料室位置，控制滾筒速度，粉末燒結控制溫度，掃描路徑生成等。最近，SLS過程的方法興起，通過激光束光斑尺寸變化，形成精細部分使用小激光束光斑尺寸和反對使用大型激光束點的孵化邊界形式尺寸。 這種方法不僅具有改進性SLS過程還提高了產品質量精確。 另一種方法是分割掃描區域。 該方法控制激光延遲和跳躍時間。 第二種方法正在研究中因此，本研究反對現有研究，構造激光部件，能夠改變激光束斑大小及效果研究。
2.WHAT IS DMS (DIGITAL MIRRORSYSTEM)?
2、什么是DMS（DIGITAL MIRROR系統）？
The digital mirror system apply to SLS process from commercial SLA equipment technique to get a motive in United States (the A company). Especially, this model applies equipment such as High Accuracy X-Y Positional Sensors, Absolute X-Y Accuracy with Calibration Plate and Beam profiler to determine laser beam shape, solved decrease accuracy problem by each layer it measures the location and a form of laser beam. Especially, acquisition of laser beam location information by sensor for data feed back, it has ability of correction for rotation angle of Galvano mirror. Based on these ability, in case of the A company, alteration of laser beam size is possible. For the raise of precision and working speed, border part using small beam(0. 13mm) and surface part using large beam(Hatch beam, 0.3mm, 0.72mm). Table.1 shows that laser beam spot size and scan speed for SLA system(the A company).
數字鏡像系統適用于SLS過程商業SLA設備技術獲得動機在美國（A公司）。 特別是這個模型應用高精度X-Y等設備位置傳感器，絕對X-Y精度用于確定激光的校準板和光束分析儀光束形狀，解決了各自降低精度問題它測量激光束的位置和形式。特別是，獲取激光束的位置通過傳感器獲取數據反饋的信息，它具有一定的能力修正Galvano鏡的旋轉角度。基于這些能力，如果是A公司，可以改變激光束尺寸。 為了加薪精度和工作速度，邊框部分使用小梁（0.13mm）和表面部分使用大梁（艙口梁，0.3mm，0.72mm）。 表1顯示SLA系統的激光束光斑尺寸和掃描速度（A公司）。
Laser beam spot size (mm) Scan speed(m/s)
HR boarder 0.13 3.5
Speciality spot size 0.3 8
Large spot hatch 0.762 25
表1 激光掃描斑點尺寸及掃描速度
Design and Evaluation of Digital Mirror System for SLS process
設計和評估選擇性激光燒結機的鏡面系統
摘要
Abstract: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is currently recognized as a leading process in the new field of solidfreeform fabrication (SFF). In order to develop more elaborate and speedy system for fabricating large objectscompared to existing SLS, this study employs Digital Mirror System (DMS) for Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)process. DMS contains 3-axis dynamic focusing lens, zoom beam expender, x-y galvano mirror, reflection mirrors forscanning large area instead of the existing fO lens used in commercial SLS. Also, in the SLS, the sintering temperature,laser beam power and layer thickness have a great influence on sintering of the polymer. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of a scanning path and fabrication parameters on sintering process and to fabricate the various 3Dobjects using polymer.
選擇性激光燒結（SLS）是目前公認的固體新領域的領先工藝自由形式制造（SFF）。 為了開發更精細，更快速的系統來制造大型物體與現有的SLS相比，本研究采用數字鏡像系統（DMS）進行選擇性激光燒結（SLS）處理。 DMS包含3軸動態聚焦鏡頭，變焦光束尺寸，x-y電流鏡，反射鏡掃描大面積而不是商用SLS中使用的現有fO鏡頭。 另外，在SLS中，燒結溫度，激光束功率和層厚度對聚合物的燒結有很大影響。 進行了實驗評估掃描路徑和制造參數對燒結過程的影響，并制作各種3D使用聚合物的物體.
Keywords: SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), DMS(Digital Mirror System), 3-axis Dynamic focusing lens,Zoom beam expander.
關鍵詞：SLS（選擇性激光燒結），DMS（數字鏡面系統），3軸動態聚焦鏡頭，變焦光束擴展器。
1INTRODUCTION
1、介紹
Recently, the multi-functional SFF systems areactively being implemented into the real manufacturingprocess, which are used not only for fabricating a solidfreeform 3D CAD files but also for scanning a 3Dobject rapidly and precisely. Based on the original formof used material and the hardening method, the variousRP systems, such as SLA (Stereo Lithographic), SLS(Selective Laser Sintering), FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) LOM (Laminated Object Manufacturing),3DP (Three Dimensional Printing), FDM (FusedDeposit Modelling), SGC (Solid Ground Curing), have been introduced to the market. Especially, the SLSprocess, called solid freeform fabrication (SFF), creates3D object, layer-by-layer, using powder materials with heat generated by a CO2 laser. With SLS process,prototypes have been produced with various uses of thermoplastic, metal composite and ceramic composite powder. SLS system is consist of various elemental technique such as the powder laminate for control of build room and feed room position, control of roller velocity, powder sintering for control of temperature, scan path generation etc.Recently, the rise of method for SLS process, through the laser beam spot size change, against the form of fine part using small laser beam spot size and against the form of hatching boundary using large laser beam spot size. This method has which is not only improvement of SLS process but also increased quality of product and precision. And another method is that divided scan region. This method controlled laser delay and jump time. The second method is being researched already.Therefore, this study, against to existing study,constructed laser part which is able to changed laserbeam spot size and study on effect.
最近，多功能SFF系統是積極地實施到真正的制造業過程，不僅用于制造固體自由形式的3D CAD文件，但也用于掃描3D快速準確地反對。基于原始表格所用材料和硬化方法，各種RP系統，如SLA（Stereo Lithographic），SLS（選擇性激光燒結），FDM（熔融沉積建模）LOM（層壓物體制造），3DP（三維印刷），FDM（熔融存款建模），SGC（固體地面固化），有被介紹到市場。特別是SLS過程，稱為固體自由形式制造（SFF），創造3D物體，逐層，使用粉末材料CO2激光產生的熱量。使用SLS流程，原型已經生產出各種用途熱塑性，金屬復合和陶瓷復合材料粉末。 SLS系統由各種元素組成用于控制的粉末層壓板等技術建造房間和飼料室位置，控制滾筒速度，粉末燒結控制溫度，掃描路徑生成等。最近，SLS過程的方法興起，通過激光束光斑尺寸變化，形成精細部分使用小激光束光斑尺寸和反對使用大型激光束點的孵化邊界形式尺寸。 這種方法不僅具有改進性SLS過程還提高了產品質量精確。 另一種方法是分割掃描區域。 該方法控制激光延遲和跳躍時間。 第二種方法正在研究中因此，本研究反對現有研究，構造激光部件，能夠改變激光束斑大小及效果研究。
2.WHAT IS DMS (DIGITAL MIRRORSYSTEM)?
2、什么是DMS（DIGITAL MIRROR系統）？
The digital mirror system apply to SLS process from commercial SLA equipment technique to get a motive in United States (the A company). Especially, this model applies equipment such as High Accuracy X-Y Positional Sensors, Absolute X-Y Accuracy with Calibration Plate and Beam profiler to determine laser beam shape, solved decrease accuracy problem by each layer it measures the location and a form of laser beam. Especially, acquisition of laser beam location information by sensor for data feed back, it has ability of correction for rotation angle of Galvano mirror. Based on these ability, in case of the A company, alteration of laser beam size is possible. For the raise of precision and working speed, border part using small beam(0. 13mm) and surface part using large beam(Hatch beam, 0.3mm, 0.72mm). Table.1 shows that laser beam spot size and scan speed for SLA system(the A company).
數字鏡像系統適用于SLS過程商業SLA設備技術獲得動機在美國（A公司）。 特別是這個模型應用高精度X-Y等設備位置傳感器，絕對X-Y精度用于確定激光的校準板和光束分析儀光束形狀，解決了各自降低精度問題它測量激光束的位置和形式。特別是，獲取激光束的位置通過傳感器獲取數據反饋的信息，它具有一定的能力修正Galvano鏡的旋轉角度。基于這些能力，如果是A公司，可以改變激光束尺寸。 為了加薪精度和工作速度，邊框部分使用小梁（0.13mm）和表面部分使用大梁（艙口梁，0.3mm，0.72mm）。 表1顯示SLA系統的激光束光斑尺寸和掃描速度（A公司）。...
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